Broadband Speeds Explained: What Speed Do You Actually Need?

Broadband speeds are measured in Megabits per second (Mbps) or, for the very fastest connections, Gigabits per second (Gbps). The higher the number, the faster data travels between the internet and your device.

Download speed vs upload speed

Download speed is how quickly data comes from the internet to your device. This affects streaming, web browsing, downloading files, and loading video calls.

Upload speed is how quickly data goes from your device to the internet. This affects video calls, cloud backups, uploading photos, and live streaming.

Most broadband packages have much higher download speeds than upload speeds. Full-fibre (FTTP) packages are the exception — they often offer symmetric speeds.

What broadband speed do you actually need?

Why does my speed vary?

Advertised speeds are “up to” figures. Your actual speed depends on: the technology (FTTC, FTTP, Cable), how far you are from the exchange or cabinet (for FTTC), the time of day, your home wiring, and your router's placement.

Under Ofcom rules, providers must tell you the minimum guaranteed speed you can expect before you sign up. If you consistently receive below this, you have the right to exit your contract without penalty.

What is latency?

Latency (or ping) is the delay in milliseconds between sending a request and receiving a response. For gaming and video calls, low latency (under 30ms) is more important than raw speed. Full-fibre connections typically deliver much lower latency than FTTC or ADSL.